60. 39). 99% in studies which had management-based criteria. AIFR = (Reported injuries x 200,000) / Employee total hours worked. An incident is an unplanned or unwanted event that resulted in, or could. The severe maternal morbidity incidence ratio was 18. Related resource: Near miss reporting examples . Miss Rate : It can be defined as he fraction of accesses that are not in the cache. The resulting calculation would be: (5 recorded 'injuries' x 1,000,000) / 200,000 hours = 25 injuries per million hours worked. The easy part of TRIFR calculations, like all safety KPIs ( see more here) is the measurement itself. A near miss should be treated like any other safety incident. State Nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses data by industry (SOII) are not available for Georgia since 2019. Given policy goals to grow cycling from a low base (Aldred, 2012) near misses are doubly important. Electric utilities standard1 (continued) SASB Code Accounting metric 2018 End use efficiency & demand IF-EU-420a. 2 Process Deviations or Excursions 6. Companies that focus on leading indicators, such as near miss reporting, show improved organizational safety performance. 1 (2) Fatality Rate 0 (3) Near-Miss Frequency Rate 17. Incidence Rate = Total no. g. 01% to 2. Near misses. The tricky part lies in getting accurate. 7%) were disabling injuries, 49 (0. 2. A single injury or illness has a much greater effect on incidence rates in small establishments than on larger establishments. 4 women who survived life-threatening WHO severity markers listed in Table 1, one woman died. The number of contribution weeks was treated as a categorical variable in the models. 47 1. This results in a number ranging from 1 to 16. Total number of injuries and illnesses (annually) x 200,000 /. Near misses are regarded as being on the same continuum as adverse events in terms of failure factors but differing in terms of the additional information they provide on recovery factors and in their significantly. 95 accidents per 100 employees, which could be relatively high depending on the industry. 2. 50 Weeks Per Year Incidence Rates are calculated. Results The structured record review identified 19. We are an industry with a historical focus on lag indicators: LTIFR – Loss time injury frequency rate; MTIFR – Medical treatment injury frequency rateThis study aimed to: 1) describe the development of the Neonatal Near Miss Assessment Tool (NNMAT) for low-resource settings; 2) identify the incidence of neonatal near-misses at two tertiary care hospitals in southern Ghana; 3) compare the incidence rates of neonatal near-misses to institutional records of neonatal mortality (mortality that. which had a near- miss rate of 47. Heinrich observedThis is a 2-hour tutorial session which will focus on the computation of safety performance measurement, Frequency Rate, and Severity Rate. Maternal near-miss and maternal. The resulting calculation would be: (5 recorded 'injuries' x 1,000,000) / 200,000 hours = 25 injuries per million hours worked. 5 will have had a recordable injury or illness. The resulting calculation would be: (5 recorded 'injuries' x 1,000,000) / 200,000 hours = 25 injuries per million hours worked. ([Number of lost time injuries in the reporting period] x 1,000,000) / (Total hours worked in the reporting period) RIFR: Reportable Injury Frequency Rate Here is the TRIR calculation formula set forth by OSHA: TRIR = Number of Incidents x 200,000 / total number of hours worked in a year. As an example total case incident rate calculation, if a company had 2 recordable cases during the year and 1,000,000. Any accident which is reported on site or in the workplace will become a part of the resulting AFR number. An incidence rate of injuries and illnesses may be computed from the following formula: (Number of injuries and illnesses X 200,000) / Employee hours worked. 5. Surprisingly, our finding is considerably lower than. 5 GHZ and It is also provided that 20% of all instructions are of load/store type . Take the number from Step 3 and divide it by the number from Step 2. The formulae used to calculate the incidence estimate and rate of over 3-day absence injury relating to individuals working in the last 12 months for overall and individual characteristics such as age and sex are given by: Incidence of over-3-day absence injury. The resulting calculation would be: (5 recorded 'injuries' x 1,000,000) / 200,000 hours = 25 injuries per million hours worked. iii. Thus Near Miss Ratio (NMR) and Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of our hospital is 52. Incident: This is a workplace event that causes mild to moderate injuries. 0 or under as the average TRIR across the board was 3. From this we can see why the hazard ratio is also called the relative failure rate or relative event rate. LTIR = (Total LTIs / Total number of hours) × 200,000 then, in the frequency formula: F = (12 x 106)/2,189,243 = 5. The Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) follows a formula to indicate performance. Since there are several methods used to calculate these epidemiological measures, good comparison between studies and countries is difficult. As you can see from the above formula and calculation, a low severity. A maternal near-miss is a situation in which a woman was on the verge of death but survived a life-threatening obstetric complication that happened during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days after the pregnancy's termination. Near Miss: Minor LOPCs or System failures which could have led to an incident. 0% and with the overall ratio. Take your total number of recordable cases, multiple that number by 200,000 and then divide that combined number by the total number of hours worked. To calculate incident rates accurately, you need to gather essential data. Here are some benchmarks: A perfect TRIR is 0, the product of zero employee accidents/incidents. Table Table1 1 shows the comparison of the demographic profiles of the. Generally, a good TRIR safety rate would be around 3. From a hospital based study that used a modification of the WHO tool , the maternal mortality ratio was 350 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, the maternal near miss incidence ratio was 23. This paper discusses findings from a project exploring experiences of cycling near misses. Results During the one-year period, there were a total of 238 maternal near-miss cases and 29,697 live births in all participating hospitals, which provides a maternal near-miss incidence ratio of. Generally, a good TRIR safety rate would be around 3. In some country, the first aid injury frequency coefficient (F) h determined by. In recent Indian studies, near-miss rate was 20. Here are the steps for calculating incidence rate: 1. The easy part of TRIFR calculations, like all safety KPIs ( see more here) is the measurement itself. In my 20+ year career in Safety and Injury Management, I have been asked countless times what is the difference between a near miss and an incident. A Serious Injury or Fatality (SIF) event is an incident or near miss that has the potential to, or does, result in a fatal or life-altering injury or illness. Write down the number of new cases found in the period of time you're considering. =. There is no official definition of what constitutes a near miss with SIF potential, but according to the Campbell Institute’s research paper, a commonly used criterion is that an event has SIF potential if the situation could’ve been worse and could’ve resulted in SIF if not for one single factor. A comparison of the requirements for designing and implementing near-miss systems (as summarized in the seven-module framework presented in Table 7-2) and the actual operational experience with the few existing. based on one study in Nigeria taking prevalence of birth asphyxia among exposed and non-exposed women to maternal near-miss . 0 or under as the average TRIR across the board was 3. In a review conducted by Say et al, prevalence’s of MNM ranged from 0. Near-miss occurred most frequently in urban. To fulfill the goals described by Van der Schaff et al. 1, 2, 3 A recent report listed a ‘culture of openness’ rather than a culture of blame as one of seven key elements to enhance overall patient. a situation in which something almost hits something else: 2. Most companies choose to calculate LTIFR per 1 million man hours worked. g. potential near miss incidents. EMR is important internally, but more important externally. ([Number of lost time injuries in the reporting period] x 1,000,000) / (Total hours worked in the reporting period) RIFR: Reportable Injury Frequency RateIf you need help calculating your company's OSHA TRIR rate, please call (720) 547-5102. An effective NMS aims to quickly recognise near misses from the business operations in order to apply prevention measures. , NY, USA) were used. It gives information about how frequently accidents occur and is represented as I r = I n *100000/ N mh or Injury Frequency Rate = Number of Disabling Injuries *100000/ Man Hour. 7% higher. During the one-year period of the study, the incidence of maternal near-miss was 8. 64 1. An effective NMS aims to quickly recognise near misses from the business operations in order to apply prevention measures. ) Fatality Rate = 0; 3. 96 Contract Employees 0. 1%) were fatal injuries and 21,176 (57. 0–23. The incidence of NNM cases ranged from 21. You can use the definitions below as reference to help you determine whether an event is a near accident: Near miss: This is an event that almost results in collateral damage. 09% in studies which had organ-system based criteria and it was from 0. A culture of safety is essential to ensure health care quality and a positive hospital safety culture has been associated with lower rates of adverse events and in-hospital patient care complications. 81 Hz/rad. Literature reports the similar trends and MNMR varies between 15 to 40 per 1000 live births. Again, this is what’s most commonly used in Australia. While we expected a high degree of heterogeneity between the. 20 0. Get Catalog | Get Free Samples. In order to find the denominator of the equation, you need to double the value of pi, 3. 67–120:. The formula for calculating incident rates varies depending on the type you’re interested in. Given policy goals to grow cycling from a low base (Aldred, 2012) near misses are doubly important. Frequency of near-miss was 28. Using logic similar to the two notable experimental demonstrations of a near-miss effects (Cote et al. EURO_01 - Standardised incidence rate of fatal accidents at work, excluding road traffic accidents and accidents on board transport in the course. 5 million hours for the year and has experienced 20 recordable level injuries which gives them an incident rate of 1. It further examines the consistency of the individual-level predictors of experiencing a near miss, including what influences the scariness of an incident. The formula for calculating incident rates varies depending on the type you’re interested in. 9±5. If that rate were applied to the 3. Serious Harm/Incident Near Miss Frequency Rate. Relative frequency comparison between near-misses in the study and road accidents for all of. Near-miss management system is an umbrella term used to refer to software systems used to record, analyse and track near misses (Oktem 2002 ). Calculating Your Lost Time Injury Rate . and “near-miss incident frequency rate”: 200000. 6% and 14. Results During the one-year period, there were a total of 238 maternal near-miss cases and 29,697 live births in all participating hospitals, which provides a maternal near-miss incidence ratio of. 11 Tips For Managers To Implement And Use The Incident Rate Formula In Their Organization Don’t Pass On Using Metrics. The resulting calculation would be: (5 recorded 'injuries' x 1,000,000) / 200,000 hours = 25 injuries per million hours worked. Severity Rate (S. A near miss one time could be an injury incident the next time. These ratios were used to calculate the prevalence values of severe maternal morbidity and maternal near miss of 1. The reason for calculating an accident frequency rate is to. 1 year period prevalence proportions were 26. ) NMFR = 11. The fatal work injury rate was 3. 2/1000 live births and 295/100000 live births respectively. Because there isn’t comprehensive, national reporting on the frequency of conditions manifested during. It can be the total amount of reported cases or similar frequency rate as TRIF but it measures the frequency of reported near misses or safety observations. Two things to remember when totaling. of Events X Multiplier) / Hours: Near Miss NSHIIR: Non-Notifiable Event Injury/Illness Rate (No. Rolling Injury Frequency Rate Excluding Parking Services (per 1,000,000 Hours Worked) 4 4 2 2 18 18 20 20 16 16 14 14 12 12 10 10 8 8 6 6. Identifying and eliminating near misses are a significant means of preventing accidents. Notes on the IMCA safety statistics: Data for 1996-2017 was separated into offshore/onshore categories, with an 'overall' combining the two. To calculate incident rates accurately, you need to gather essential data. 008 Near Miss Frequency Rate (NMFR)5 Full-time Employees 3. a high injury frequency rate within business operations must be addressed to further improve the facility’s safety program. The formula for calculating your total case incident rate is a quite simple. This is a drop of 22. b. ׳s methods allow for a rate calculation. 1 * (0. 8/1,000 live births . This would be a pretty high TRIFR, as you can see some TRIFR averages here. 90 1. Calculate Injury/Illness Rates. S. Incidence is the rate of new cases or events over a specified period for the population at risk for the event. LTIFR is the number of lost-time injuries (LTI) occurring in a workplace per 1 million hours worked within a given period. Learn more. g. A near-miss cluster is defined as a group of the near- miss reports with more than 1 element (it can be generalized to more than n 0 elements). Near-miss reporting of unsafe events is a leading indicator that has had some use across high-risk industries. This scheme will allow companies to calculate near-miss telematics rates by means of a basic price, which can be personalized with traditional rating factors (age, driving experience, zone, vehicle power, and so on), and most interestingly, a variable rate that includes penalizations for some dangerous near-miss events. For every pregnancy-related death in the United States, 70 women experience a “near miss” (SMM). 99% in studies which had management-based criteria. 7) and Star Entertainment Group (22. Although not as informative as theLost Time Injury Frequency Rate: the number of lost time injuries that occurred during the reporting period. 4 1 incidents per hour cycled. AFR = (Accidents * 100,000)/total hours worked. It is simple, intuitive and. 7%) were disabling injuries, 49 (0. Absolute differences ranged from 4. It’s calculated by dividing the number of recordable injuries by the total number of employees over one year. Re = total number of eligible respondents. First, Calculate Your Incidence Rates. (1) Total recordable incident rate (TRIR), (2) fatality rate, and (3) near miss frequency rate (NMFR) Rate: 1. Reflected in theMethods and caveats relating to the calculation of incidence rates from THOR-GP data [back to top] IIDB - Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Scheme Index of IIDB tables - Last updated 11/23. 6 fatalities per 100,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers, up from 3. FREE Download - Accident Investigation Template. Near-miss clusters should also have an item-set with a support higher than a specified threshold. The use of leading indicators helps to predict future safety issues that can lead to workplace injuries and fatalities. The item-set will represent the risk-source related to the cluster. Twenty-one events (34%) had hazard scores of 30 or less. 99 per 1000 live births, while maternal near-miss mortality ratio is 3. The formula for calculating your accident frequency rate is the number of reported accidents multiplied by 200,000, divided by the number of employee hours worked. Near misses are also synonymous with “potential adverse events” (Bates et al. 30. The objective was to calculate the ratio of maternal ‘near miss’ and associated. 293 incidents per mile and 2. Incidents are the most worrying safety events, but one of the safety metrics which also needs to be monitored 'closely' is reported near misses. Thus Near Miss Ratio (NMR) and Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of our hospital is 52. Injury Type/Consequence: the injury or potential injury resulting from the incident, such as broken bones, burns, or loss of consciousness. Damage to things, equipment and environment. These variations also affected the indices of quality of care (mortality index and maternal near-miss to mortality ratio) in the study population. of Events X Multiplier) / Hours: Incident and/or Near Miss: Not Notifiable Event: RWIFRCreate policies and procedures that clearly explain near-miss reporting. 05). Please review the table's key for any confusion regarding the formulas. This guide helps business leaders obtain the information . This paper discusses findings from a project exploring experiences of cycling near misses. The U. The 200,000 is the benchmark established by OSHA because it represents the total number of hours 100 employees would log in 50 weeks based on a 40-hour work week. Please note that in addition to incident. 1 per 100 patient visits; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3. You can check that 8712 ≡ 81 (mod 100) and 6512 ≡. 7. It is also occasionally referred to as temporal frequency for clarity and to distinguish it from spatial frequency. 4. Click here to start a free software trial and see how easy our incident management software is to use. The host tells that the solution that appears in the episode is actually a near miss. 9 %. The 2020 DIFR for the federal jurisdiction is 7. long absence lost time injury frequency rate - LTIs with 5 or more days. : Frequency Rate (FR) = (Number of Recordable Incidents / Total Hours Worked) x 1,000,000 Frequency Rate (FR) = (20 / 500,000) x 1,000,000 Frequency Rate (FR) = 40. 34%. frequency of near misses for games between 100 to 1,200 players in 100 player intervals (i. 99. The DART rate. 6% among women from Ntoroko. (e. Total Hours Worked in the past year: 500,000. L1 cache access time is approximately 3 clock cycles. 7–53. LOST TIME CASE RATE. As you have worked out RIDDOR stats are counted differently to e. It is a known fact that for every maternal. 602], p = 0. 5. 004 0. The minimum sample size required were: 64 near miss cases to 256 controls. It is generally expressed in accidents per million flights. This study investigates the impact of different operational definitions of numerators and. 3. $endgroup$ – user57037. As you can see from the above formula and calculation, a low severity. In contrast, what is needed is a multi-dimensional framework for identifying critical risks and monitoring measures of implementation (lead KPIs) and effectiveness (lag KPIs) of relevant controls. The inclusion criteria for the current review were as follows: (1) articles with near-miss incidence or prevalence data, (2) published between January 2004 and December 2010, (3) included data from 1990 onwards, (4) sample size ≥200 and (5) clearly described methodology. The calculation is made by dividing the total number of lost workdays by the total number of recordable incidents. 5 per 1000 live births. Using 2014 and 2015 data from the UK Near Miss Project, this paper examines the stability of self-report incident rates for cycling near misses across these two years. 4% to 2. Total Recordable Case Frequency (TRCF) Calculator » Find more HSE jobs, documents. 2. Rumus: FSI = ( Frekwensi Rate x Severity Rate) / 1,000A lower incident rate means equipment is operating more efficiently than usual. Analysis and identification of trends • Knowledge of near misses and adverse events allows the organization to analyze the cause of systems breakdowns and other factors contributing to theirThe goal of studying maternal near-miss in Suriname would be to (1) find a reason for the relatively high maternal mortality, and stillbirth rate in the country [ 5, 13, 14 ], (2) compare findings to other countries and (3) improve the quality of care. Incident rate is number of incidents * 100 then this time divided by number of people. This study investigated the prevalence of SAMM and NM cases and the associated risk factors in two reference maternity hospitals in a capital city in Northeast. The near miss rate was 23/1000 and maternal near miss to maternal mortality ratio was 3. UNDP, 2021), the rate of incidence of maternal near miss cases, which typically antecede mortality has not comparatively done so. ). 54; 2. not used in the calculation of any frequency rates. Therefore, you can perfectly. At one department of radiology in New York, 16% of near-miss events were reported to be due to wrong-patient events , and the estimated rate of misidentified patient events at the Mayo Clinic was reported as 0. A culture that encourages employees to report near misses will result in more being identified. Each machine had a specific frequency of near-miss presentations: 15%, 30%, or 45%. The DART incident rate is also important. E. 4. The rates of maternal near-miss will be calculated for each collaborating center using the WHO maternal near miss approach , and frequencies of non-near-miss severe maternal morbidity will be calculated using specific defined diagnoses. (X 2= 4. Let's try together answering that question. 2. DOWNLOAD HERE: Copy of Data statistics draftV1. Most of the near-misses were pregnancies with hypertensive disorders (49%). (1) Total Recordable Injury Rate 0. This factor could be: A control that was. 34. Same as TRIF. , instrument had failed, pipe wall thickness low)}} Described in CCPS Leading Metric section. 4% near-misses are related to problems in human resources, such as information and skill discrepancies and lack of care, and 12. Frequency Rate Lag Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) Total Recordable Incident Frequency Rate (TRIFR) indicator A measure that indicates safety performance for a business determined by That is obviously unrealistic, especially for big companies with many employees. 4 per 100,000 FTE in 2020. If it’s low, it means the working conditions are safe. The formula can also be multiplied by 1,000,000 to get the injury frequency rate per million hours worked which is also a popular way of. 81 4. Medication near-misses occur at higher rates than medication errors and are usually underreported. Haemorrhage was found to be the most common cause. The corresponding incidence of near miss in the study sample therefore ranged from 7. 4%) were admitted to the intensive care unit during delivery, and 22 (6. Timely reporting helps in mitigating risks, preventing. births in 2020, the result would be approximately 50,500 women experiencing severe maternal morbidity every year. SR is the total number of lost workdays per year × 200000 work hrs/number of workers in a job. Near miss events do not result in personal harm or property damage. 3. Reporting a medication near-miss is crucial, as it highlights areas of human and system failures. The first safety KPI that you should be tracking is likely one you’re familiar with, but you may have trouble tracking it or getting meaningful data from it! Near misses give you a very measurable way to predict incidents, injuries, and even deaths by using the safety pyramid. 04 (95% CI, 4. Mining near-miss data can provide valuable information on how to mitigate. Low-income. Two things to remember when totaling your annual. OBJECTIVE. Enter N = Number of Recordable Injuries and/or Illnesses in One Year EH = Total Number of Hours Worked by all Employees in One Year 200,000 = Equivalent of 100 Full-Time Employees Working 40 Hour Weeks. 6 per 1000 live births, and the overall case fatality rate was 12. if you want RIDDOR AFR only use RIDDOR number of accidents and formula is the same. TRIR = 6 x 200,000 / 500,000. Are you using this - Number of reportable injuries x 100 000 divided by the totoal number of hours worked. In all other cases frequency rate F, should be used for comparison purposes. 5%) of them have previous history of abortion, 44 (12. An organization's. This study aimed (1) to determine the incidence of severe maternal complications, maternal near-miss cases, and mortality cases associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remote from term and (2) to assess the health system's performance indicators for the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. 2%) have history of past delivery of still birth. The National Safety Council (NSC) reports that 75 percent of workplace accidents follow at least one near miss event. Incidence of near-miss events in African hospitals. 86%. This includes the number of incidents, the total hours worked, and the severity of each incident. 4 Management System Near Miss Incidents 6. 1 x 100,000 divided by 80,000 = accident frequency rate of 1. Frequency Rate: 144. The effect of patient safety culture on nurses’ near-miss reporting intention: the moderating role of perceived severity of near misses. (1) The total recordable incident rates (TRIR) for direct employees and contract employees were 0. (2001) only examine one locality, and only Joshi et al. The greatest proportion of near misses were found in the Western Pacific region (around Papua New Guinea) at 11•8 per 1000 births (95% CI 6•6-17•1; I 2 96. Don’t take shortcuts. ethods One year of retrospective data from 2017 were collected from one patient cohort in a 422-bed acute care hospital. This method, by counting hours worked rather than the number of employees, avoids distortions which may be. FR digunakan untuk identifikasi jumlah cidera yang menyebabkan tidak bisa bekerja per 1 juta orang. DART (Days Away, Restricted, or Transferred) rate is calculated by dividing the number of DART cases x 200,000 by the number of hours worked for all employees and supervised. 0125, respectively. 100, 200, 300,. Basic Epidemiological Methods and Calculations. For example, if you had 1 recordable incident out of 10,000 hours worked in a year. Provide incentives for workers who report incidents. (1974/75) had a ratio of 7:1 non-serious to serious injury and 189:1 near miss to serious injury (for an overall rate of 23. focuses on how to calculate the risk for “human error” in this loop. Accidents of various types in the construction of hydropower engineering projects occur frequently, which leads to significant numbers of casualties and economic losses. Calculating Incident Rate. 7:1. Overall, 28 near-miss events (45%) were scored for maximal severity and frequency in this study. There were 30,183,608 pregnancies and 100,011 near misses included. 99% in studies using management-based criteria. Contoh : Suatu perusahaan dengan 500 tenaga kerja, kegiatan 50 minggu per tahun, 48 jam perminggu. This would be a pretty high TRIFR, as you can see some TRIFR averages here. Maternal Near Miss Rate MNMR was calculated as 170 per 1000 live births. 54% for management-based. 550 [0. 001). Overall severe morbidity, near-miss and mortality indicators: Severe maternal outcome ratio (per 1000 live births) 15. 0 and AMOS version 24. The near-miss indicator showed an SMO ratio of 6. Even though lagging indicators like these don’t. such as lost-time injury frequency rates (LTIFR), as an overarching measure of “success” are explored. 009 0. 9%. After 100 required trials, participants could choose to keep playing for a chance to earn a cash prize for the highest score among a pool of participants. Near miss frequency rate (per 100 full-time workers) 1. Purpose: Near-miss events represent an opportunity to identify and correct errors that jeopardize patient safety. Sol. Total Case Incident Rate (OSHA Recordable Incident Rate) TCIR. Expected results 15 4. They are sometimes referred to as near-miss systems. when the calculation identified the number of personnel as less than one, it was counted as one. TRIR presented here may differ from reported TRIR in FCX'sDOWNLOAD HERE: Copy of Data statistics draftV1. The need for blood transfusions is . Rumus: Incidence Rate = ( Jumlah Kasus x 100) / Jumlah tenaga kerja terpapar Contoh : Masih melanjutkan kasus diatas Incidence Rate = ( 46 x 100 ) / 500 = 9,2% 5. Objectives. The formula can also be multiplied by 1,000,000 to get the injury frequency. 95 2. Mean age of near-miss cases was 28. Fatality. Results Average maternal near-miss incidence ratio (MNMIR) for ICU admission was 3. HTML | PDF | RSS | Charts Employers report 2. If you are preparing a year report (throughout 2017, for example), the man. 2 Definition of a Process Safety Near Miss 6. It can be the total amount of reported cases or similar frequency rate as TRIF but it measures the frequency of reported near misses or safety observations. 14 = 6. Here is the TRIR calculation formula set forth by OSHA: TRIR = Number of Incidents x 200,000 / total number of hours worked in a year. The number of reported accidents is derived from your operations, as is the total hours worked, while the number 200,000 is used in a number of safety KPI's to standardise the AFR. This resulted in maternal near-miss and mortality rates of 94.